Renal Failure (Kidney Failure); Symptoms, Diagnosis and Management

Kidney transplantation

This is the only way to cure chronic kidney disease when the cause cannot be solved. The long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation are very promising, and it can be done with a living or a deceased donor.

Kidney replacement is reserved for patients with an intermediate or advanced disease. It is an urgent treatment in the case of pleuritis or pericarditis, uremic encephalopathy, and neurologic signs of neurotoxicity. It is also recommended to patients with hypertension that does not respond to treatment, a fluid overload that is not correctly managed with diuretic therapy, and persistent electrolyte disorders that include hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia.