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Conclusion
The vaccine for hepatitis A is a suitable and cost-effective solution to prevent outbreaks in locations where hepatitis A is not common. It should be administered a minimum of 2 weeks before departure to a high-risk area, and post-exposure prophylaxis is also useful to prevent hepatitis A.
It uses an attenuated virus that does not cause the disease but prompts the creation of antibodies that confer protection against the virus. It should not be administered in children under 2 years of age, and it is not appropriate for pregnant women unless the benefits outweigh the risks. It is administered in two doses (a starting dose and one booster), which should be separated for a minimum of 6 months.
References
Costas, L., Vilella, A., Trilla, A., Serrano, B., Vera, I., Roldán, M., … & Costa, J. (2009). Vaccination strategies against hepatitis A in travelers older than 40 years: an economic evaluation. Journal of travel medicine, 16(5), 344-348.
Irving, G. J., Holden, J., Yang, R., & Pope, D. (2012). Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7).
Ott, J. J., Irving, G., & Wiersma, S. T. (2012). Long-term protective effects of hepatitis A vaccines. A systematic review. Vaccine, 31(1), 3-11.
Garcia Garrido, H. M., Wieten, R. W., Grobusch, M. P., & Goorhuis, A. (2015). Response to hepatitis A vaccination in immunocompromised travelers. The Journal of infectious diseases, 212(3), 378-385.
